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TOBFAC: The database of tobacco transcription factors

Family: C2C2-GATA

Minimum number of tobacco C2C2-GATA genes: 28

Count of tobacco C2C2-GATA sequences: 31

Pfam accession: GATA

SHOULD possess GATA domain and COULD   possess CCT FAR1 Zim domains

This domain uses four cysteine residues to coordinate a zinc ion. This domain binds to DNA. Two GATA zinc fingers are found in the GATA transcription factors. However there are several proteins which only contains a single copy of the domain.

A number of transcription factors (including erythroid-specific transcription factor and nitrogen regulatory proteins), specifically bind the DNA sequence (A/T)GATA(A/G) in the regulatory regions of genes. They are consequently termed GATA-binding transcription factors. The interactions occur via highly-conserved zinc finger domains in which the zinc ion is coordinated by 4 cysteine residues. NMR studies have shown the core of the zinc finger to comprise 2 irregular anti-parallel beta-sheets and an alpha-helix, followed by a long loop to the C-terminal end of the finger. The N-terminal part, which includes the helix, is similar in structure, but not sequence, to the N-terminal zinc module of the glucocorticoid receptor DNA-binding domain. The helix and the loop connecting the 2 beta-sheets interact with the major groove of the DNA, while the C-terminal tail wraps around into the minor groove. It is this tail that is the essential determinant of specific binding. Interactions between the zinc finger and DNA are mainly hydrophobic, explaining the preponderance of thymines in the binding site; a large number of interactions with the phosphate backbone have also been observed.Two GATA zinc fingers are found in the GATA transcription factors. However there are several proteins that only contain a single copy of the domain.

GATA factors were first identified as proteins that interact with conserved WGATAR (W = T or A; R = G or A) motifs involved in erythroid-specific gene expression in vertebrates.

GATA factors are characterised by the presence of conserved, type-IV zinc-finger motifs Animal factors typically contain two C-x2-Cx17-C-x2-C zinc-finger domains.The majority of known fungal GATA factors contain a single C-x2-C-x17-C-x2-C finger with greatest similarity to the carboxyl (C) terminal finger of animal GATA factors. Several examples of fungal GATA factors containing a variant C-x2-C-x18-C-x2-C DNA-binding domain are also known.

Examples of both C-x2-C-x17-Cx2-C (Type IVa) and C-x2-C-x18-C-x2-C (Type IVb) GATA factors are found within fungi; animals onlycontain the former configuration, and plants only the latter. Plant GATA factors typically contain a single zinc finger. The Arabidopsis type-IV zinc-finger proteins may represent the previously defined family of nuclear GATA-binding proteins implicated in light-responsive transcription.

Papers

Sugimoto,K., Takeda,S. and Hirochika,H. Transcriptional activation mediated by binding of a plant GATA-type zinc finger protein AGP1 to the AG-motif (AGATCCAA)of the wound-inducible Myb gene NtMyb2 PLANT JOURNAL 2003 36 (4): 550-564 PMID: 14617085

Teakle GR, Kay SA The GATA-binding protein CGF-1 is closely related to GT-1 PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1995 29 (6): 1253-1266 PMID: 8616222

Lowry, JA; Atchley, WR. Molecular evolution of the GATA family of transcription factors: conservation within the DNA-binding domain. J. Mol. Evol. 2000. 50(2):103-15 PMID: 10684344

Omichinski, JG; Clore, GM; Schaad, O; Felsenfeld, G; Trainor, C; Appella, E; Stahl, SJ; Gronenborn, AM. NMR structure of a specific DNA complex of Zn-containing DNA binding domain of GATA-1. Science 1993. 261(5120):438-46 PMID: 8332909

Takatsuji, H. Zinc-finger transcription factors in plants. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 1998. 54(6):582-96 PMID: 9676577

Number of contigs: 31

Number of singlets: 5

Number of N terminal – 8

Number of c terminal – 3

Number of full – 20

Total minimum number – 28

Search sequences and info

Transcription factor sequences

Tobacco published genes related to transcription factor family C2C2-GATA

Authors of this site:

Paul J Rushton
Marta T. Bokowiec
Xianfeng (Jeff) Chen
Thomas (Tom) W Laudeman
Jennifer F. Brannock
Michael P. Timko

Contact:

pr8y@virginia.edu